水田和旱田种植铁丰24号大豆种粒褐斑粒率表现的比较

THE COMPARATIVE STUDIES ON THE PERCENTAGE OF TIEFENG NO. 24 MOTTLED SOYBEAN SEEDS PIANTED ON PADDY FIELD RIDGE AND IN UPLAND FIELD

铁丰２４号大豆两年在水田埂种植比旱田褐斑粒率平均降低３２．３５％，相对减少８７．７９％。并且，在水田埂种植，不同播期褐斑粒率呈规律性变化。播期间Ｆ值（９．４０４）达到显著水准（Ｆ０．０５值＝６．３９），早播褐斑率高，相差２０天以上褐斑粒率即可达到差异显著程度。如第３播期与第５、第４、第１播期间差异达到显著水准。进一步分析水田埂种植铁丰２４号大豆褐斑粒率变化的原因，认为主要与鼓粒期的气温、光照、降雨有关。经偏回归系数显著性分析，剔除没有达到显著水准的降雨量因素，得到关于褐斑粒率与气温、光照的二无线性回归方程ｙ＝１０．１２２＋０．０２７６Ｘ１（气温）＋０．０８１７Ｘ２（光照）。分别种植铁丰２４号大豆三种籽粒（黄脐无褐斑；褐脐无褐斑；褐脐褐斑）后代均有褐斑产生，但以黄脐无褐斑后代褐斑粒率最轻，以褐脐褐斑的后代最重。此外，水田埂繁殖大豆不仅表现当代褐斑明显低于旱田繁殖的大豆，而且后代褐斑也明显低于旱田繁殖的大豆。

The percentage of Tiefeng 24 mottled seed planted on poddy field ridge reduces areragelly 32. 35% .relatively decreases 87. 79 % than that planted in upland field. Furthermore.the percentage of mottled seed of Tiefeng No.24 soybean planted on paddy field ridges during different sowing time showed very regular changes. The earlier the sowing time the higher percentage of mottled seeds. If the difference uf sowing time is 20 days more. the difference percentage of mottled seeds can be highly singificant. The difference of percentage of mottled seeds between the third and the fifth,the forth, the first sowing time reaches significant level,and that between the forth and the first sowing time also reaches significant level.We consider that the difference is mainly due in change of temperature, sun-light and rainfall at pod-filling stage. We discovered that rainfall was not the factor influening the permontage of mottled seeds by partial regression coefficient analysis, We planted Tiefeng No. 24 soybean seeds with different grade of mottling yellow hilum. mottled seeds, brown-hilum and molled-free seeds. The last percentage of mottled seeds was that of yellow-hilum and mottle -free seed descendants. The largest percentage of mottled seed was that of brownhilum and mottled seed descendants. Soybean planted on paddy field ridge produced lower percentage of mottled seeds than that palnted in upland field not only in the present generation but also in descendants.