列车空气制动紧急作用临界长度的模型研究

The Research of Critical Length of Emergency

根据气体动力学原理建立了列车空气制动系统的数学模型，预测了制动系统紧急制动作用；陆界长度与机车大闸排气口面积、列车管定压及列车长度的关系．结果表明，临界长度随排气口面积增加而增加．但增加幅度随排气口面积增加而逐渐减小；列车管定压对临界长度影响较小；列车长度对临界长度无影响，同时，从波动理论出发分析了临界长度的产生原因，并探讨了紧急制动判断准则．

Based on gas dynamics,a mathematical model for the air brake system of train is established.With this model,the relation between the critical length of emergency and the area of locomotive exhaust port,the length of train as well as the setting pressure of brake pipe is pre-dicted.The results show that the critical length increases with an increase in the axea of exhaust port,the setting pressure has a little influence on the critical length,and the length of train lacks effect on the critical length.From the theory of the wave,the reduction characters of brake pipe are analyzed.Finally,the emergency criterion is discussed.