新疆克拉玛依地区的利什曼原虫及其与皮肤利什曼病的关系

Studies on Leishmania parasites in Karamay , Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region:Its Etiology and Relation to Human Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

应用多学科的手段，包括形态度量、对宿主的致病性和病理、组织化学、单克隆抗体检测、ＤＮＡ杂交、酶电泳分析等，从细胞水平到分子水平的不同层次，对新疆克拉玛依地区大沙鼠体内的利什曼原虫进行了研究；首次证实了我国新疆境内的大沙鼠耳组织有都兰利什曼原虫的寄生。用生态学、寄生虫与昆虫宿主的相容性等方法，确定了都兰利什曼原虫的传播媒介为蒙古白蛉和安氏白蛉，并从硕大白蛉吴氏亚种体内查见了婴儿利什曼原虫。本文初步讨论了两种利什曼原虫与当地皮肤利什曼病的关系。

It has been indicated that the endemicity of cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL )s in Karamaydesert area of Xinjiang. Up to the present time,Leishmania turanica has been discovered in ear tissues of greatgerbils and natural infection of Leishmania infantum promastigote has been observed in Phlebotomus majorwui. Since both species of Leishmania might act as pathogens of human CL,the role of these two species ofheishmania in the transmission of human CL in Karamay should be clarified from the epidemiological point ofview. The authors are of the opinion that apart from identifying Leishmania species related to human CL,it isnecessary to conduct comprehensive studies including the bionomics of animal host and sandfly vector ,as wellas the mode ofhuman contraction in natural nidus. A correct conclusion can be drawn only When the intrinsicrelationship between the pathogen and hosts(gerbil,sandfly and human) is elucidated.