盐沼的侵蚀、堆积和沉积动力

EROSION,DEPOSITION AND SEDIMENT DYNAMICS ON SALTMARSHES

最近国外对盐沼侵蚀、堆积过程进行了较深入细致的研究，取得了很大进展，主要包括野外短尺度详细的沉积过程观测，室内物理模拟的尝试和数学模拟的不断应用，本文对此作了综述。这将加深人们对盐沼如何响应海平面、潮型、泥沙供给和波浪气候变化的认识。

Saltmarshes plants are recognized to have their ability to damp waves, modify flow currents,promote sediment deposition and provide habitats for coastal organisms. 'This paper reviews the advances in the research into the erosion, deposition and sediment dynamics on the coastal saltmarshes (1982-1994). These include field short-term accretion/erosion measurement, laboratory physical modeling, and numerical modeling. These studies have broadened our understanding of the reponses of saltmarshes to the changes in wind-wave climate, tidal regime, global sea level and plants. A combination of field and laboratory based researches is essential to solve major interpretative ambiguities arising from practical limits to field measurements. Numerical modeling provides and alternative way to obtain an insight into the growth and the response to main external factors of saltmarshes.Further research is needed on the detailed monitoring of instantaneous sedimentation processes on saltmarsh surface and on the effects of saltmarsh vegetation on the saltmarsh sedimentation. A full understanding of fundamental hydrodynamic processes in saltmarsh canopies is also required.