珠穆朗玛峰地区的地壳运动及有关问题的探讨

ON THE CRUSTAL MOVEMENT IN QUMOLONGMA FENG AND ITS ADJACENT AREA

珠穆朗玛峰位于欧亚板块和印度板块边缘的碰撞地带．近３０年来，中国对珠穆朗玛峰及其北部毗邻地区进行了３次大规模的大地测量，其中包括天文、重力、平面、高程和大气折射等测量工作．根据这些大地测量结果，对该地区地壳的水平和垂直运动进行了定量研究；并对这一板块边缘地区的若干地球动力学问题，诸如碰撞地带地壳运动的特点、板块碰撞和挤压力的不稳定性。张性山谷冰川、地壳厚度等问题进行了探讨．

Qumolongma Feng(Mt.Everst) and its adjacent area are located in the collision zone along the Eurasian and Indian plate boundary.In recent 30 years threegeodetic campaigns,including astronomical determination,gravimetry,horizontaland vertical geodetic measurements,were carried out in the area.Based on the results of the campaigns,some geodynamical studies for the area,such as crustalmovement behaviours along the boundary,the veriation of the collision forces between plates,crust thickness and the expanding glaciers are presented.