镜质组反射率与沉积盆地古地温分析

PALEOTEMPERATURE DETERMINATION OF SEDIMENTARY BASIN FROM VITRINITE REFLECTANCE

在地质研究与资源勘探中，特别是针对油气生成、运移和保存有关的地热过程分析，镜质组反射率（Ｒ）已被广泛地应用于沉积盆地古地温的确定。本文从Ｒ增值的反应动力学、Ｒ－古地温－受热时间模拟计算、流体扰动对流型热体系中的Ｒ性征及Ｒ古地温分析技术扩展等方面，概括地总结讨论了有关应用现状与理论进展。由于沉积有机质构成及其热反应作用的复杂性，过分简单地将Ｒ与地温值对应的做法已被否定，代之以地质、地球热力学与反应动力学的综合分析。不同源岩中Ｒ增值与热能关系的确定，温度－时间计算方法的改进、异常热背景如对流型热体制的分析以及低成熟与镜质组缺失条件下成熟度参数的Ｒ标定等，将是今后急待解决的主要问题。

For different goals of geologic research and resource exploration,especially forthe reconstruction of the thermal processes that control the generation,migration,and ac-cumulation of oil and gas,vitrinite reflectance(R)have been broadly used in paleotem-perature determination.Some advances have been summarized and discussed here:(1)the thermochemical reaction dynamics on alteration of R:(2) modeling and calculating ofthe R-paleotemperature-reaction process;(3)the characteristics of R in the system ofheat convection,and(4)the improvements of paleotemperature determination in uses ofR Since the complexity of composition and thermal maturation of the depositional organicmatter,super-simplified relationship between VR and temperature has been replaced withapaleotemperature history analysis based on geology,geothermal dynamics and geochemi-cal reaction dynamics,some of the refinements likely to be brought to fruition in the futureare proposed here else.