春小麦品种间杂交F_1代若干农艺性状优势效应遗传分析

GENETIC ANALYSIS ON HETEROTIC EFFECTS OF SOME AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN F_1HYBRIDS FROM CROGSES BETWEEN CULTIVARS OF SPRING WHEAT

采用不同遗传类型的春小麦品种，按Ｇｒｉｆｆｉｎｇ方法１配制成一套９×９完全双列杂交．分析了１０个农艺性状的正（负）超亲优势类型出现的频率与其各自性状遗传组成的关系。结果表明，春小麦各性状均存在着一定程度的杂种优势效应。其正（）超亲优势类型出现的频率主要受性状的非加性遗传效应影响，而性状的加性遗传效应与性状的杂种优势方向关系密切。文章探讨了提高春小麦杂种优势效应的技术措施。

A set of 9×9 complete diallel crosses were made among different cultivars of spring wheat by means of Griffing's method 1. The relationship between the incidence of over-high-parent (below-low-parent) hybrids and the genetic composition in each of the 10 agronomic traits studied was analysed. The results showed that heterosis existed to certain extent in all the 10 traits and the incidence of over-high-parent (below-low-parent) hybrids in esch trait was mainly affected by its non-additive genetic effect. The direction of heterosis of a trait was closely related with its additive genetice effect. The technical measures for increasingheterosis in Spring wheay were also discussed in the paper.