中国梨（晚香和秋香）树上成熟特性的研究

MATURATION CHARACTERISTICS OF PEAR FRUIT ON THE TREEWANXIANG LI QIUXIANG LI)

研究了梨的成熟特性，代表品种是晚香梨和秋香梨．实验结果表明，两种梨果重随成熟进展一直在增加，晚香梨果重在８月份和９月份增重快，果实的横径生长一直稍大于纵径生长，果近似球形．秋香梨花树上成熟时即通过呼吸跃变期出现乙烯峰，晚香在９月中旬采收后贮藏到１１月１５日才出现与乙烯峰相平行的呼吸高峰．在成熟期间两种梨果实硬度不断降低，秋香梨下降最快，采后两周组织已分解软化；晚香梨硬度下降缓慢．果实硬度下降伴随有ＰＧ活性的上升．可溶性固形物，总糖在成熟期间不断增加，其中主要是果糖，葡萄糖次之，蔗糖含量很少．可滴定酸在成熟过程中不断下降。

Maturation charactcristics of pear fruit on the tree was studied In this paper.Therepresentatiove varietics were Wanxiang Li and Qiuxiang Li.The studies showed that theweights of the two varietics of pears were increasing with the fruit maturation on the tree.Theweight of Wanxiang Li increased most quickly in August and September,and the transversediameter growing of Wanxiang Li was always slightly faster than the vertical diameter growing,and the fruit shape was oval.Comparatively,the growth of Qiuxiang Li was slower frombeginning to end,and the fruit shape was globe.Wanxiang Li produced less ethylene atmaturantion stage on the tree,but produced large amount of ethylcne storing for a period after picking.A CRR(Climacteric rise of respiration)occured at maturation stage of QiuxiangLi,accompanying a peak of ethylene emanation.germination The flesh firmness of the two varieties discreased continually at maturation stage on the disereasing speed Qiuxiang Li was faster than that of Wanxiang-li.The fruit organi texturezation of Qiuxiang-li softened after picking for two weeks.PG activity rose with the flcsh firmness decrcasing.During maturation period,Soluble solids content and total sugar content were in creasing,but titratable acid content was decrcasing continually.