鲢、鳙、银鲫和团头鲂肠道G细胞定位与免疫组化研究

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION AND MORPHOLOGICAL STUDY ON G CELL IN THE INTESTINE OF HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS MOLITRIX,ARISTICHTHYS NOBILIS,CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO AND MEGALOBRAMA AMBLYOCEPHALA

应用免疫组织化学ＡＢＣ法，用胃泌素抗血清对鲢、鳙、银鲫和团头鲂４种无胃养殖鱼肠道Ｇ细胞进行检查，结果４种鱼的肠粘膜中均有Ｇ细胞存在。Ｇ细胞集中分布在前历前段，主要位于肠褶的顶部和中部，在肠上皮和杯状细胞之间穿插，它们的形态多样。本文对４种鱼肠道Ｇ细胞的分布特点与哺乳动物、鸟类及其他无胃硬骨鱼类进行了比较，讨论了这４种鱼肠道Ｇ细胞的形态特征及其与功能的关系。

Using immunohistochemical staining technique of the avid in - biotin -peroxidase complex (ABC) method, the gastrin antiserum raised against mammalian hormone was examined for the purposes of investigation on the occurrence and distribution of G cells in the intestine of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), bighead (Aristichthys nobilis), silver crucian carp (Carassius auratrs gibelio) and blunt-snout bream (Megalobrama amblyocephala). The G cells were detected in the intestinal mucosa of all four species of fish, which are distributed concentratedly in the anterior segment of foregut. The result indicated that a small amount of G cells were found in the posterior segment of foregut of silver carp (H. molitrix) and silver crucian carp (C. auratrs gibelio). No immunore-activity of G cells was found from the midgut to rectum of all four species. The distribution density of G cells was approximately equal in the anterior segment of foregut of bighead, silver crucian carp and blunt-snout bream, and less in silver carp. The G cells were mostly located in the apical and middle parts of the intestinal folds, and were dispersed and interweaved among the epithelial cells and goblet cells, and revealed dark brown in colour. They were of polymorphism, as sword-shaped, spindle-shaped, knife-shaped, calabash-shaped, long neck bottle-shaped or pear-shaped. Most of them have a narrow hasal process, a broader middle cell body and a long apical process. The most hasal processes of G cells were observed to extend to either the adjacent tissue or to touch the basement membrane, while the apical processes extended to the intestinal lumen. Sometimes, the hasal processes show one or several expanded sacs or emerge as enlarged synapselike structure to attach the basement membrane. In the cell body and cytoplasmic processes, the secretory granules were clearly to be seen. In present paper, the exact distribution mapping of G cells in the intestine of 4 kinds of cultured fishes, birds, mammaliars were compared. The relationship between the physiological functions and the morpholo-gical characteristics of G cell in the gut of 4 kinds of fishes was discussed.