两种吸血水蛭对光闪烁和水扰动刺激的反应

THE RESPONSES OF TWO SPECIES OF BLOOD-SUCKING LEECH TO LIGHT FLASH AND WATER STIR STIMULI

利用自制的控温实验槽在暗室内进行医蛭科两种吸血水蛭对光闪烁和水扰动刺激的模拟 个体生态实验。实验结果的统计分析表明：日本医蛭（Ｈｉｒｕｄｏ ｎｉｐｐｏｎｉａ）在１６Ｃ时与照度有极好的正 相关关系，而在２２℃时成负相关关系；０.２克体重的个体在两种温度时对照度的敏感度均大于０．５－ ０．６克和１．０－１．３克体重的个体。湖北牛蛭（Ｐｏｅｃｉｌｏｂｄｅｌｌａ ｈｕｂｅｉｅｎｓｉｓ）在两种温度时与照度均成正相 关关系；０．５克体重的个体在１６Ｃ时对角度的敏感度大于１．０－３．３克体重的个体，９．５－１１.０克体重 的个体在２２Ｃ时对照度的敏感度均大于０．５克和１．０－３．３克体重的个体。单因子地看，两种水蛭对 水扰动刺激的反应不显著。总的看来，两种水蛭对光刺激的反应符合线性模型，其方程分别为：日 本医蛭ｄ＝２．３１－０．０４０Ｈ_z＋２４．６ｌＷ，Ｒ~２＝０．７１４９，Ｐ＜０．０００１；湖北牛蛭ｄ＝－４７．２６－０．３４Ｌ_x＋ ３．３５Ｔｅｍｐ＋２．４５Ｗ，Ｒ~2=０．８１８６，Ｐ＜０．０００１。实验结果为诱捕和驱避两种吸血水蛭找到了生态学

A temperature-controlling apparatus and some electronic equipments for the responses of two species of blood-sucking leech to light flash and stirring water stimuli were used in a dark room. The light-flash stimulus were given by a lamp controlled by a silicon-control-led oscillator and the stirring water stimulus by a relay and a plastic plate, controlled by a silicon-control-led oscillator. Five incividuals of each weight range per species were tested five times. The experimental results were expressed by the average creep distances in one minute. The results of statistics and analysis indicated that Hirudo nipponia to illumination of light has very well positive relationship at 16℃, while negative relationship at 22℃; individuals of 0.2g weight to illumination of light are more sensitive than those of 0.5-0.6g and 1.0-1.3g weight at two temperatures. Poecilobdella hubeiensis to illumination of light has positive relationship at both temperatures;individuals of 0.5g of the species to illumination of lighy are more sensitive than those of 1.0-3.3g at 16℃;individuals of 9. 5-11. og weight to illumination of light are more sensitive than 0.5g and 1. 0--3. 3g at 22℃. According to a single factor, the responses of these two species of the leeches to stirring water stimulus are not obvious. In sum, the responses of the two species to light stimulus fit in a linear model, the formulae for both species as follow: Hirudo nipponia d= 2. 31-0. 040 H_z+ 24. 61W, R^2 = 0. 7149, P＜ 0. 0001; Poecilobdella hubeiensis d = - 47. 26 - 0. 34Lx + 3. 35Temp + 2. 45W, R^2=0. 8186, P＜0. 0001; among them d──average distances (cm) creeping for one minute, H_z──frequency of light flash, Lx── illumination of light, Temp──water temperature, Wt── body weight. The results obtained provide a ecological basis for repelling and traping these two species of blood-sucking leeches.