体重温度及温度驯化对中华绒螯蟹呼吸率的影响

THE EFFECTS OF MASS TEMPERATURE AND THERMAL ACCLIMATION ON THE RESPIRATION RATE OF THE CHINESE FRESHWATER CRAB Eriocheir sinensis(Crustacea:Decapod)

本文用流水式呼吸仪研究了体重，温度及温度驯化对中华绒螯蟹（又名河蟹）的呼吸率的影响。作者首次运用Ｌｏｇｉｓｔｉｃ方程描述了呼吸率与体重和温度的关系。对于河蟹，这种关系可归纳为：Ｒ＝１２８０Ｍ－０．５０／［１＋ｅｘｐ（２．３５１－０．１３８Ｔ）］μｇＯ／（ｇ·ｈ）。温度驯化能导致速率补偿，表现为２５℃驯化河蟹的呼吸率明显低于１０℃驯化河蟹的呼吸率。因温度驯化所导致的速率补偿与眼柄内分泌因子有关。在急性升温的条件下，河蟹呼吸率对温度的反应并不完全遵循ｖａｎ＇ｔＨｏｆｆ－Ａｒｒｈｅｎｉｕｓ定律。在低温区（１０－１６℃），两种驯化河蟹的呼吸率对温度较为敏感，Ｑ１０值大于２；在高温区（１６－３０℃），两者均不敏感，Ｑ１０值小于２。这说明速率补偿不仅可通过长时间温度驯化达到，而且在温度急剧变化时能够在很短的时间内发生。这种速率补偿可能涉及一种新的机制。

The effects of mass,temperature and thermal acclimation on the repiration rate of the Chinese freshwater crab Eriocheir sinensis were investigated by a continuously flowing water respirometer.The logistic equation is used for the first time to express respiration rate as a combined function of mass and temperature.The predictive equation is R =1280 M-0.50/[1+exp(2.351-0.138T)] μgO2/(g·hr.)A respiration rate compensation throught thermal acclimation is demonstrated by E.sinensis with 25℃ acclimated animals having lower respiration rate than 10℃ acclimated animals.Eyestalk factors are found to be involved in rate compensation.Acute heating E.sinensis does not creat a R-T response following the van't Hoff-Arrhenius law.At lower temperatures(10-16℃),both 10℃ and 25℃ acclimated animals show mean Q10 values higher than 2.At higher temperatures(16-30℃),both 10℃ and 25℃ acclimated animals are not sensitive to temperature,having Q10 values smaller than 2,suggesting that rate compensation does not take place exclusively through long term thermal acclimation and that it can also occur very quickly in face of acute changes in temperature.In this case,the rate compensation may involve a new category of mechanisms.