摘要
从普通小麦×天兰冰草杂种F_1的叶、茎、节、幼穗诱导出愈伤组织,建立了体细胞无性系,获得了大量试管苗并移栽成活。 愈伤组织诱导率及分化率以幼穗最高,茎、节、叶较低。完全展开的叶片不能形成愈伤组织,未伸展的幼叶能诱导出愈伤组织,分化程度越低的幼叶部位越容易脱分化。幼叶基部切段的愈伤组织诱导率可达90％以上。改良MS附加4mg/l 2,4-D、0.1mg/l KT、0.5mg/l NAA为最佳愈伤组织诱导培养基。最适宜的分化培养基为改良MS附加0.25mg/l KT、0.5 mg/l NAA、150 mg/l腺嘌呤核苷。杂种的愈伤组织诱导率及分化率高于两个亲本。杂种的愈伤组织长势旺盛,适应性强等都表现了小冰麦杂种在组织培养中的杂种优势,而且这种再生能力杂种优势可以通过无性系得到保持。
Calli were induced from various explants including leaves,stems,nodes and young inflorescences of the hybrids of wheat X wheatgrass,and somaclones were established.A large amount of plantlets were obtained and survived after,transplantation.The induction and differentiation frequencies of the callus were highest with young inflorescence explants,and were lower with stems,nodes and leaves.Callus was not produced from the fully expanded leaves,while it could be induced from the unexpanded young leaves.The location of less differentiation of the young leaves was where dedifferentiation took place more readily.The induction frequency of callus from the segments.of young leaf bases was at least 90%.Modified MS medium supplemented with 4 mg/l 2,4-D,0.1 mg/1 KT,0.5 mg/l NAA was used for callus formation.Differentiation medium used was the modified MS added with' 0.25 mg/l KT,.0.5 mg/l NAA,150 mg/1 Adenylic acid.The induction and differentiation frequencies of the callus from hybrids were higher than that of either parent.The hybrid callus was more vigorous and more adaptive than that from its parents.All these may be An indication of heterosis which 'has bees kept in somaclones during tissue culture.
