龙眼微型高压育苗研究

Studies on Raising the Seedlings of Longan by Micro-Air-Layering Method

研究了采用细、短枝条不带土的龙眼微型高压育苗新技术：①双芽枝条（含二个节间）开始长根所需日数、抽新梢状况、移栽成活率等均与传统高压育苗的长枝条相近。②直径０．５～１．４ｃｍ的枝条均可长根，较细的枝条生根率有较高的趋势。③长根基质以脱脂棉和未脱脂棉各５０％混合为宜，１０６ｄ可开始长根，长根率达９２．４％。④以浓度４００ｍｇ／ｋｇ的ＩＢＡ溶液处理枝条环状切口，１０４ｄ后开始长根，长根率达９２．２％，且能边长根边抽新梢。⑤微型高压苗长出二次根后即可从母树剪下移栽苗圃，科学管理１０ｄ后可长出新根，成活率可达８５％以上，一年后苗高可达８０ｃｍ左右即可出圃。

This study makes known that the new technique of raising seedlings of longan by micro-air-layering method which uses tender and short cutting without soil in the root-growing-matrix.①Two-Bud-Cutting can be employed, and the root-growing-days,the twig-tip-growing and the transplanting survival rate are neatly the same respectively as the traditional air-layering method that uses Iong cutting.②The cuttings,diameters are between 0.4cm and 0.7cm,grow roots well. And the smaller in diameter, the higher the root-growing rate.③The best root-growing-matrix is the mixture with half cotton and half degreasing cotton,and by using it the root-growing rate is 92.4%in 106 days.④The cutting,s circle wound should be treated with 400mg/kgIBA.The root-growing-rate is 92.2%in 104 days with twig tip growing at the same time.⑤After the second root growth, the seedlings of micro-air-layering can be cut from mother tree,then cultivat-ed in the nursery. Managed scientifically,the new roots can grow in 10 days and the survival rate reaches 85%and the height of seedlings can reach 80cm after one year.