山西寿阳春谷子农田水分动态及水分平衡的研究

Soil Moisture Dynamics and Balance in Farmland with Spring Millet Plants in Shaoyang County,Shansi Pronince

根据１９９２至１９９４连续３年的春谷子农田土壤水分动态、水分平衡试验，研究了山西省寿阳县旱地春谷子田水分动态规律，春谷子需水规律、耗水规律及水分盈亏状况。结果表明，本区春谷子田水分动态规律主要取决于播种时的底墒状况及生育期降雨的季节分配，年际间变化较大。春谷子的需水量３７５～４０７ｍｍ，实际耗水量为３２５～３９８ｍｍ，水分供需基本平衡，３年平均水分满足率为９８％，仅个别生育期（拔节～抽穗）有水分亏缺现象发生。本区内自然降水条件基本上能满足春谷子的需水要求，因此，发展春谷子生产大有潜力。

Based on soil moisture dynamic and balance tests in the farmlands with spring millet plants from the years of 1992 ～ 1994,three years in succession,this paperdeals with soil moisture dynamic law in rainfed farmland With spring millet , water re-quirement law and water consumption law by spring millet , and excessive and deficitconditions of soil moisture in Shouyang County, Shanxi Province. The results showedthat soil moisture dynamic law in farmland with spring millet mainly depends upon basemoisture when spring millet plants are planted ,and seasonal distribution of rainfall wa-ter in its development stage but with great vairations from year to year.Water require-ment by spring millet was 375～407mm,but the actual water consumption by spring mil-let was 325～398mm,so that water supply and demands by spring millet were basicallybalanced.The average moisture requirement rate for 3 years in succession was 98%,butonly in some individual developing stages(such as elongatind and heading stages);mightwater deficiency occur. Natural rainfall in this area can basically meet with the needs ofwater requirement by spring millet plants so that there can be a great potential for devel-oping spring millet production.