新疆干旱地区陆生固氮蓝藻的种群、分布及对环境的作用

THE GROUP AND DISTRIBUTION OF TERRESTRIAL NITROGEN-FIXING BLUE ALGA AND ITS EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENT IN THE ARID AREA OF XINJIANG

本文报道了在新疆干旱地区有普通念珠藻（Ｎｏｓｔｏｃｃｏｍｍｕｎｅ）、发状念珠藻（Ｎｏｓｔｏｃｆｌａｇｅｌｌｉｆｏｒｍｅ）、具鞘微鞘藻（Ｎｉｃｒｏｃｏｌｅｕｓｖａｇｉｎａｔｕｓ）、眼点伪枝藻（Ｓｃｙｔｏｎｅｍａｏｃｅｌｌａｔｕｍ）和密味裂须藻（Ｓｃｈｉｚｏｔｈｒｉｘｍｅｌｌｅａ）五种陆生固氮蓝藻。根据土壤类型、降雨量、气温及植被类型等划分五个陆生固氮蓝藻分布生态区。由于固氮蓝藻能进行光合作用和固氮作用，它们能有效地增加土壤有机质和氮化物数量，能提高土壤微生物数量，能促进土壤酶活性增加．能减少土壤含盐量及提高保水能力．总之陆生固氮蓝藻在生态脆弱带的能量与物质循环中起重要作用。

This paper reported five species of terrestrial nitrogen-fixing blue alga which are Nostoc Commune,Nostoc flagelliforme, Microcoleus vaginatus, Scytonema ocellatum and Schizothrix mellea. Depending on tile soil type, rainfall, temperature and vegetation,it differentiated five distributive ecological zones of terrestrial nitrogen-fixing blue alga. Tile photosynthesis and nitrogen fixation could effectively increase the quantities of organic matter and microorganism of soils,could decrease the salt content of soil and rise the waterkeeping capacity. In short, the terrestrial nitrogen-fixing blue alga plays an important role in the matter circle and energy in the ecological weak belt.