水稻两用核不育系选育技术流程及应用研究

Study of Tecbnological Procedures for Breeding Dual-purpose Genic Male-sterile Rice and Its Applications

以农垦５９Ｓ、安农Ｓ－１、衡农Ｓ－１、５４６０Ｓ、赣ⅠＳ、赣ⅡＳ及赣ⅢＳ及其衍生不育系为核不育基因供体，分别与籼、粳稻品种杂交转育，经分离选择、花药培养以及结合长日低（高）温、短日低（高）温的“加压”筛选鉴定，提出了一条以基因供体为基础，以生物技术为手段，以加压筛选为条件的快速、简便、准确、有效的选育技术流程。按此流程，只需三年五个世代即可有效地育成实用型的两用核不育水稻。已经育成１２８６Ｓ、Ｈ１３５６Ｓ、Ｈ２０４８Ｓ、６４４２Ｓ等一批早、中、迟熟期配套的长日高温不育、育性稳定的籼型核不育系。同时，筛选出终生不育、高温不育低温可育、高温可育低温不育、长日不育短日可育及长日可育短日不育的各类籼型核不育系（材料），为选育适应不同生态条件下的籼型两用核不育系提供了行之有效的快速的技术方法和途径。

Based On many years research experience,the methods of breeding Dual-purpose Genic Male-sterileLine(DGML)are studied.We not only define the selecting criterion and temperature requirements,butaslo put forward a set of practical breeding procedures for developing DGML,Following the breedingprocedures,a new DGML could be developed in five generations of three years.And several indica DG MLwith various maturity periods such as 1286S,H1356S and H 2048S have been bred out.Moreover,sixDG ML types have all been found.