膝内外翻的体表测量

Body Surface Measure of Genu Varus or Valgus

对30名健康成年人进行了股骨头中点、髂前上棘、股骨粗隆尖点、髌骨下极、踝关节中点的体表标记和测量.所得数据经统计学处理和几何学计算.结果:(1)下肢力学轴与股骨解剖轴夹角7°;(2)膝内外翻时,下肢力学轴线每向内(外)偏离髌骨中点1cm,解剖轴股胫角增(减)3°;(3)髂前上棘至踝关节中点连线,正常情况下通过髌骨中点外侧1.69cm处.当该连线通过髌中点外侧2～2.5cm时,膝生理外翻角7°～9°,因此,在矫正内翻畸形时,下肢对线的理想标准是将髂前上棘、髌骨外缘、第一二趾间三点成一直线.

Body surface mark and measurement about femoral head center,spina iliaca anterior superior,femoral trochanter major,patella apical and ankle's middle point have been made in thirty healthy adults. Obtained date were treated by statistics and computed by geometry. It has following results: (1)Angle of lower extremity mechanical axis and femoral anatomic axis is 7°;(2)When genu varus or valgus,lower extremity mechanical axis adductive (abductive)move 1 cm from patella center,then anatomic axis femoral and tibial angle increases or reduces 3°;(3) Normally,the line from spina iliaca anterior superior to ankle middle point pass lateral 1. 69cm away from patella middle point. When the line pass lateral 2-2. 5cm away from patella middle point,genu physiologic valgus angle is 7 - 9°. Therefore,correction of genu varus or valgus deformaty,the best level of lower extremity alignment is spina iliaca anterior superior,patella lateral margin,between the first and second toe link as a line.