我国农业机械化的总体发展和地区比较

Study on Regional Contrast and Development of Agricultural Mechanization in China

从总体看,我国农业机械化已有了巨大发展;从地区比较,发展还很不平衡。用比较分析和综合评价方法对全国29个省市自治区农机化的发展情况进行地区间的比较和综合评价,得出如下认识:我国农业机械化发展的大格局不应按东部、中部、西部划分,而应按北部、中部、南部来分类指导;先导地区是大城市郊区和经济发达地区;现阶段小麦、玉米、水稻三大作物生产全过程机械化的主攻重点是播种和收获机械化;在体制、政策上,解决好调整产业结构、联产承包与适度规模经营、农机化社会服务体系等问题,应成为现阶段的主攻方向。这些观点有利于因地制宜、分类指导、重点突破、整体推进农机化的健康发展。

The development of China agricultural mechanization in overall situation has made a great progress.But the development is inbalance from region to region.Using the method of comparative analysis and the method of integrated evaluation,the devel- opment level of agricultural mechanization of 29 provinces,municipalities and au- tonomous regions in China are analyzed.Some conclusions are drawn as following:1) The structure of China agricultural mechanization should be divided according to north, central and south region instead of east,middle and west region;2)Suburbs of big cities and economic developed regions should become the guiding regions of agricultural mechanization development;3)The key mechanization technology which need to be solved for wheat,maize and paddy rice production are mechanized sowing and harvest- ing.