锌铜处理对苹果属植物叶内碳酸酐酶活性的影响

Effects-of Zinc and Copper on Activity of Leaf Carbonic Anhydrase in Malus sp.

通过室内外试验,观测了锌、铜处理对苹果属植物叶内碳酸酐酶(CA酶)活性的效应和锌处理对叶内锌、铜、磷、钙、铁含量韵影响。结果表明:在甜茶实生苗和苹果幼苗水培中,锌0.5mg·1^(-1)处理的CA酶活性最高;加入到苹果幼苗酶提取液中的波尔多液(1:2:160)明显抑制CA酶活性,而硫酸铜溶液(160倍)只有微弱的抑制作用,在幼苗叶上喷波尔多液对CA酶活性有一定的抑制作用;在红星苹果大树上喷施锌肥对叶内的CA酶活性无显著影响;梯度锌水培和新梢速长期叶面喷锌的处理都显著或极显着改变和提高了叶内含锌量,但对铁、铜、钙含量影响较小。对叶内锌含量与CA酶活性的关系和波尔多液对CA酶活性的抑制原因进行了讨论。

The effects of zinc and copper on carbonic anhydrase (CA) activity and leaf content of Zn, Cu. P. Fe, Ca (only zinc treatments) in Malus sp. were studied. The results showed that, the leaf CA activity of the solution-cultured 'Tiancha' seedlings (M, huphensis) and young apple plants (M, pumila), treated with 0. 50 mg · l-1 zinc-containing solution was the highest; Bordeaux mixture (1: 2 : 160) added into leaf extract of apple plants obviously inhibited the CA activity, however addition of copper sulphate solution(160×) had only a little inhibition on it ; foliar spray of Bordeaux mixture (1 : 2 : 160) to one -year-old apple trees had certain inhibition effect on CA activity; Spraying zinc-containing fertilizer on bearing Starking apple trees (M. pumila) did not make significant influence on CA activity; Zinc solution culture and foliar spray at the stage of shoot rapid growing period could significantly change and/or increase leaf zinc content, but not obviously change the leaf content of Cu, P, Fe, Ca. The inter-relation between leaf zinc content and CA activity and the mechanism of CA activity inhibition induced by Bordeaux mixture were discussed.