桃、苹果枝条次生木质部细胞的解离研究

Studies on the Cell Separation of the Secondary Xylem of the Outgrowth of the Peach and Apple

在扫描电镜下,观察到5个桃品种和2个苹果品种枝条的次生木质部解离后的导管细胞,桃为螺纹导管型,苹果为孔纹导管型;两者的导管细胞上均有多层和几种形式的次生加厚.对上述品种导管及纤维细胞的长度、直径在光镜下进行了统计、比较,结果表明,桃导管细胞长度在303.1—328.7μm之间,直径在26.2—35.lμm之间;苹果在392.2—407.0μm和37,4—37.9μm之间,桃与苹果表现了极显著差异,桃导管细胞明显小于苹果.揭示了桃较苹果生长弱、树冠矮小的生理原因,为研究果树抗性生理和果树分类提供了细胞解剖学依据.

Under the electronic, the vessel cell after separation of the secondary xylem of the outgrowth of five varieties of the peach and two varieties of the apple was clearly observed. The former (peach) is the spiral vessel and the latter (apple) is the pitted vessel. They are thickened by several layers of cell. Results from statistical analysis under a microscope indicated that the length of the vessel cell of five varieties of the peach ranged from 303. 1 to 328. 7 μm and the diameter ranged from 26. 2 to 35. 1 μm, while the lengths and diameters of the vessel cell of two varieties of the apple are 392. 2 - 407. 0 μm, 37. 4 - 37. 9 μm, respectively. The vessel cells of the peach are smaller than that of the apple. The difference between the peach and apple reached very significant level. From results obtained the physiological cause of peach trees with weaker growth and less crown was found which laid a cyto-anatomical foundation for the study on the resistibility and classification of the fruit trees.