中国六个盐湖卤虫品系生物学特征的研究

STUDY ON THE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ARTEMIA STRAINS FROM SIX SALT LAKES IN CHINA

本文对中国六个盐湖卤虫卵的孵化速率，卵、脱壳卵、无节幼体的生物学测定值，成体的形态及染色体倍性组成进行了研究。结果表明，运城盐湖、工农湖、杭锦旗盐湖卤虫为两性生殖类型，均为二倍体。艾比湖、巴里坤湖、尕海湖卤虫为孤雌生殖类型，除二倍体外还有四倍体，其中巴里坤湖卤虫还有五倍体。两性生殖卤虫间无生殖隔离现象。两性生殖卤虫与孤雌生殖卤虫在生物学特征的诸方面均存在较大差异。

The biological characteristics of Artemia from six salt lakes in China: the hatching rate of cysts, the biomeasurement of cysts, decapsulated cysts and nauplii,etc. were studied. Meanwhile, the chromosome number and the reproductive isolation among bisexual Artemia were studied. The results show that Artemia from Yuncheng salt lake, Gongnong lake and Hangjinqi salt lake are bisexual and that Artemia from Aibi lake, Balikun salt lake and Gahai lake are parthenogenetic. There are obvious differences between the bisexual Artemia aad the parthenogenetic Artemia in their biological characteristics. All of the bisexual Artemia are diploid.There are diploid and tetraploid in the parthenogenetic Artemia, and there are pentaploid Artemia also in Balikun salt lake. There is no reproductive isolation among the bisexual strains.