环烷烃／海水界面张力的研究

A Study on the Interfacial Tension of the Cycloalkane/Seawater

作者已用滴体积法首次比较系统地测定了环已烷、环戊烷、甲基环已烷与海水的界面张力在不同温度（１６～３６℃）和不同的海水盐度（０～４０）时之值，测定值相对误差约在０．５％以内。结果表明，在海水盐度恒定时，所研究的环烷烃／海水界面张力与温度有线性关系，而在温度恒定时，其界面张力与盐度呈线性关系。环已烷、环戊烷与海水的界面张力的温度系数为负值，而甲基环已烷／海水界面张力的温度系数为正值，这一异常现象有待今后作进一步理论探讨。环已烷、环戊烷与海水界面张力的盐度系数为正值，而甲基环已烷／海面水界面张力的盐度系数为负值。各环烷烃海水／界面张力的温度系数与盐度呈线性相关，而其盐度系数则与温度有线性关系。已用计算机对实验数据进行了统计处理，导出了各环烷烃／海水界面张力的温度及盐度的经验公式，公式计算值与测定值的平均标准偏差＜±０．２ｍＮ／ｍ。

The interfacial tensions(IT )of the cycloalkane(the cyclohexane,cyclopentaneand methylcyclohexane respectively)/seawater in the temperature range of 16～35℃ and in thesalinity range of 0～40 have been determined systematically with the drop-volume method.Theaverage relative standard deviations of the measured values were≤0.5.The results show thatthese IT have a goed linear relation with the temperature at constant salinity,and these IT have agood linear relation with the salinity at constant temperature. The temperature coefficient of theIT for these cycloalkanes(the cyclohexane and cyclopentane respectively)/seawater is negative,and the temperature coefficient of the IT for the methylcyclohexane/seawater is positive. Thesalinity coefficient of IT for cycloakanes(cyclohexane and cyclopentane)/seawater is positive.The salinity coefficient of the IT for the methylcyclohexane/seawater is negative. These tempera-ture coefficient of the IT for the cycloalkanes/seawater have a linear relation with salinities,andthose salinity coefficients have a linear relation with temperat ures. The experimental data werecreated statistically by a computer.Three experimental equations were obtained on the basis ofthe measurements by which the relationship of the IT of the cycloalkane/seawater with the tem-perature and practical salinity were directly detected.The average standard deviation between thecomputed and measured values was<±0.2mN/m.