正己烷/海水微乳液形成的相图研究

A PHASE DIAGRAM STUDY OF MICROEMULSIONS FORMED FROM n-HEXANE/SEA WATER

用相图方法研究正己烷（代表轻质油对海水微乳液的形成。体系相图由水喊人工海水，盐度分别为0，13．696，30．070和41．118）/油（正己烷）/表面活性剂（AS，CTAB及BRIJ35）／助表面活性剂（正丁醇）在40C时构成。分别研究表面活性剂类型，油及醇含量和海水盐度对微乳液形成的影响。结果表明：醇与表面活性剂的摩尔浓度比值大于1时，最适宜于形成微乳液，形成微乳液区的面积随正己烷含量增加而减少，含离子型表面活性剂的体系中，微乳液区的面积随海水盐度的增加而减小，而含非离子型表面活性剂（BRIJ35）体系中的微乳液区面积与海水盐度值无关；对三种表面活性剂体系其微乳液区总面积依次为As＞CTAB＞BRIJ35，符合Bansal的碳原子数相关性规律；在含有AS或BRIJ35体系，当含油量小于25％时可形成W／O至O／W型连续变化做乳液区，而相应CTAB体系主要形成O／W和W／O型两个不连续的微乳液区。当含油量大于50％时，三种表面活性剂体系主要形成W／O型微乳液。

The system phase diagrams are constracted for water (or artificial seawater)/oil(n-liexane)/surfactant(AS or CTAB or BRIJ35)/Cosurfactant (n-butanol) at 4OC. Theinfluence of the surfactant type, oil or alcohol content and salinity of seawater onthe microemulsion formation was investigated. The results indicate that the (alcohol)/(surfactant) mole ratio > 1 is the most suitable. for the microemulsion formation;the microemulsion regions diminsh as the n-hexane content increases, and that theseregions decrease as the salinity increases for ionic surfactant systems whereas 1themicroemulsion region is independent of the salinity for BRIJ35 systems. The totalarea of microemulsions is AS De CTAB De BRIJ35 obeying Bansal Rule for these threesurfactant systems.