手工电弧堆焊焊条某些合金元素的过渡系数

Transition Factors of Some Alloy Elements in Overlaying Electrod of SMAW

通过焊接冶金工艺过程的热力学分析，研制了利用药皮过渡合金元素的手工电弧堆焊焊条。试验表明，碱性药皮，高、中碳ｗ－Ｃｒ－Ｍｏ－ｖ和Ｃｒ－Ｍｏ－ｖ－Ｓｉ合金体系焊条堆焊过程中，钨、钼、铬、钒和硅的过渡系数为０．８～０．９。碳作为合金化元素，在焊接高温条件下起到脱氧作用。过渡系数变化范围为０．３２～０．６５，其大小与药皮中加入的石墨形态有明显关系。本文时常用的焊条药皮重量系数计算公式进行了修正，使之适用高合金药皮焊条的设计配方要求。

Based on thermodynamics of welding metallurgy,the overlaying welding electrodes of SMAW were studied.The content of alloying element Me in welding electrode was controlled by adding ferroalloy,pure or its carbide contained in covering of electrodes.For the highor middle carbon W-Cr-Mo-V and Cr-Mo-V-Si type electrodes building up with basic covering,the transition factors of W,Mo,Cr ,V,Siwere in the range of 0.8～0.9 As an al- loying element,carbon picked up in the weld metal was under the influence of graghite shape,and its trainsition factor ranged between 0.3～0.6 ,because of its stronger deosidization at the welding temperature,As demonstrated in this paper,the general formula on the weight ratio of covering of electrodes must be modified according to the content of transition metal in covering.