高原移居者行军适宜负重量的研究

Optimum Carriage Load during Walking for Sojourners at High Altitude

为防止高原人体行军的过度疲劳，预防高原病，根据在原高原室内模拟实验结果，在海拔３７００、４３００、５２００ｍ高度上进行了野外沙石路上行军适宜负重量的研究。行军速度分别为５．０、３．５和２．５ｋｍ／ｈ，负重量都为１０．０、１５．０和２０．０ｋｇ，行军时间１５０ｍｉｎ。结果表明，在海拔３７００ｍ行军速度为５．０ｋｍ／ｈ时，８５％受试者不出现很累感和ＨＲ可恢复到安静水平的负重量分别为１４．４和１５．１ｋｇ；在海拔４３００ｍ行军速度为３．５ｋｍ／ｈ时，８５％受试者不出现很累感和ＨＲ可恢复到安静水平的负重量分别为１６．８和１６．０ｋｇ；在海拔５２００ｍ行军速度为２．５ｋｍ／ｈ时，８５％受试者不出现很累感和ＨＲ可恢复到安静水平的负重量分别为１４．３和１５．９ｋｇ。经平均计算，在海拔３７００～５２００ｍ高原上，移居者在常用行军速度条件下的适宜负重量都约为１５．０ｋｇ。

To study the optimum carriage load for sojourners at high altitude,degree of fatigue and heart rate recovery were observed in 38、19 and 17 young males carrying loads of 10.0,15.0 and 20.0kg during walking at altitudes of 3700,4300 and 5 200 m with speeds of 5.0 km/h,3.5 km/h and 2.5km/h,respectively. The optimum carriage load,at which the incidence of over-fatigue was 15% and the percentage of heart rate recovery was 85%, was worked out for natural speed at different altitudes. The results showed that the optimum carriage load of subjects were 14.8,16.4 and 15.1kg while they walked with natural speed at altitudes of 3 700、4 300 and 5 200 m,respectively. It was considered that the average optimum carriage load is 15.0 kg for sojourners walking with natural speed and at altitudes ranging from 3 700 to 5 200 m.