谷子（Setaria italica Beauv）辐射诱变效应的研究

STUDY ON MILLET INDUCTION EFFECT BY IRRADIATION

用６０Ｃｏγ射线辐照晋谷２号等８个品种谷子的干种子，研究其染色体畸变和辐射后代的变异。结果表明，谷子出苗率与剂量呈负相关，染色体畸变与剂量呈正相关。新育成的杂交种晋谷２号的性状突变与剂量呈正相关，突变体稳定快。农家品种红谷的性状突变与剂量相关性不显著，突变体的性状不易稳定。从突变体中选育出的４个谷子新品种，比对照增产１０％～６５．５％，并在黄土高原大面积推广。

8 varieties of millet dry seeds were exposed to 60Co γ rays of 0, 10, 20,25,30,40,50,60,70 krad in order to study the chromosome aberration and mutants of progenies.The ex-perlmental results showed a negative correlation between survival rate of millet and irradia-tion dose and a positive correlation between chromosome aberration and irradiation dose.The mutation characters of Jingu No. 2 were positively correlated with irradiation dose,andthe mutants was prone to be stable.But the correlation between the mutation characters ofold variety Honggu and the irradiation dose was not remarkable and the mutants were rela-tively iinstable. Four new inillet varieties were selected and grown in Loess Plateu in largearea with the yield of 10.0%～65.5%higher than that of control.