小麦品种抗旱性鉴定指标与产量性状关系的探讨

Relationship Between Yield and indices Determining Drought-Resistance in Winter Wheat

分析了多个小麦品种在旱地条件下部分生理特性、形态特征与抗旱性和产量的关系以及水、旱地对比条件下抗旱系数、干旱敏感系数、抗旱指数、单株产量降低指数、产量构成因素降低指数与产量的关系。结果表明，小麦生育期间叶片含水量、失水率、植株高度、拔节期苗高、穗茎节长、抽穗度与抗旱性有着密切地相关关系。根据这些性状选择抗旱性对选择产量无明显负作用，可作为杂种后代分离群体选择抗旱性的生理和形态指标。以抗旱系数、干旱敏感系数、单株产量降低指数、产量构成因素降低指数作为选择抗旱性指标时，要考虑产量的高低。抗旱指数既能反映品种的抗旱性，又能体现品种的丰产性，可作为杂种稳定世代选择抗旱性和产量的较为可靠的指标。

Some of the physiological and morphological characteristics of several cultivars and their relations with yield and drought-resistance under drought conditions were studied,and drought resistance index,drought susceptibility index,drought-resistance coefficient,reducing indices of individual productivity and yield components,and their relations with yield under both drought and irrigated conditions were also analysed.The results showed that drought-resistance was highly correlated with leaf water POtential,water loss rate,plant height,length of ear stem,length of ear stem out leaf sheath and length of flag leaf, and it had no significant negative effectS on grain yield. But it could be used as physiological and mophorlogical indices of drought-resistance segregation of hybrid progenies.When using the coefficient of drought-resistance,indices of drought susceptibility,reducing of individual productivity and yield components,as indices of drought resistance,grain yield should be considered.Index of drought-resistance which represented both the drought-resistance and the productivity of a cultivar,could be used as a reliable index of drought-resistance for distinct generation of hybrids yield