提莫菲维细胞质八倍体小黑麦的选育及其细胞遗传

Study on Selective-Breeding and Cytogenetics of Octoploid Triticale with Timopheevi Cytoplasm

通过用提莫菲维细胞质中国春与黑麦杂交，Ｆ１用八倍体小黑麦连续回交，统计了提莫非维细胞质对Ｆ１双单倍体部分同源染色体配对的影响以及在双单倍体情况下对雌配子传递的作用。同时对回交后代进行了细胞学观察，还对提莫菲维细胞质雄性不育在八倍体小黑麦育种上的应用进行了初步探讨。

By substituting for cytoplasm of triticale,it is possible to improve the stability of meiosis .seed -set rate and plumpness of kernels. Timopheevi cytoplasmic octoploid triticale were made by crossing Wheat''Chinese Spring with timopheevi cytoplasm with Rye,Amphidiploids were obtained by crossing FI with stable octoploid lines continually, In F1 plants, most plants were intermediate forms of their parents. Anthers were not dehiscent.Timopheevi cytoplasm had observed effects on chromosome pairing as shown by bivalent frequency at metaphase of first meiotic division and on trasmittion of female - gamete in F1. The study showed that timopheevi - cytoplasm perhaps has the ability to improve the seed-set and plumpness of kernels of octoploid triticale.