牛胚胎移植试验研究

Experimental Study on Embryo Transplantation of Cow

本研究应用国产激素和器械对奶牛进行超数排卵，采用胚胎移植技术使黄牛繁殖奶牛。５ａ共超排供体牛１８５头，成功１５９头，成功率为８１．９５％；共获卵１２０１枚，头均７．５５±６．３７枚，其中可用胚胎８８０枚，头均５．６８±４．９６枚。同期发情处理受体牛２３６头，发情１３９头，发情率５８．９０％；鲜胚移植受体牛１７８头，受胎７８头，受胎率为４３，８２％，其中移植受体黄牛１４５头，受胎６１头，受胎率４２．０７％，移植受体奶牛３３头，受胎１７头，受胎率为５１．５２％；冷冻胚胎移植受体牛６１头，受胎２７头，受胎率为３７．７０％；５３胚胎移植产犊８５头。确立了应用国产激素垂体促卵泡素（ＦＳＨ）和前列腺素（ＰＧＧ＿（２２））诱发牛超数排卵和发情同期化处理的最佳程序和剂量，并总结出了采卵方法、胚胎鉴定、胚胎冷冻保存和移植等相应环节的技术规程。

In order to rapidly increase the number of dairy cattle,cows were superovulatedwith home- made hormone and equipments,and yellow cows were made to bear dairy calf by embryo-transplantation in this study. In the past 5 years,159 out of 185 donor cowswere successfully superoculated (the successful rate being 85. 95%),and 1 201 embryoswere obtained (7, 55±6.37 embryos per cow),of which 880 embryos were useful(5. 68±4. 96 embryos per cow).236 recipient cows were treated for estrus svnchronization and 139cases were successful(the estrus rate being 58.9%), 178 cows were transferred by freshembryos ,and 78 cases were successful(the reception rate being 43. 82%),among which 145 recipients were yellow cattle(61 cases were successful with the reception rate being42. 07%),and 33 recipients were dairy cattle(17 cases were successful with the receptionrate being 51. 52%).In addition,61 cows were treated for embryo transplantation withfrozen embryo and 23 cases were successful (the reception rate being 37.7%),Totally 85calves were born by embryo transplantation in the past 5 years. The optimum procedureand dosage were established for superovulation inducement and synchronization estrus,themethods were developed for egg collection,evaluation of embryos,freezing and thawing ofembryos and embryo transfer etc.