城市森林对热污染及人体舒适度影响的研究

Effect of Urban Forests on Heat pollution and Comfortable Degree of Human Body

系统研究了城市森林对热污染的影响。结果表明：城市森林可改变下垫面性质，有效地减少到达地面的太阳辐射。在片林和林荫道下，夏季能降低气温３℃左右，路面温度７℃，建筑物表面温度４～１０℃，减少高温持续时间３～８ｈ左右。不同绿化形式，不同行道树结构，不同树种的降温效应不同。作者根据人体对气候要素的综合反应，建立了夏季城市森林对人体舒适度小气候函数方程，为城市森林效益评价提供了理论依据。

The effect of urban forests on heat pollution was studied systematically in thispaper.The results showed that urban forests could aIter the character of underlaying sur-face and reduce effectively the solar radition reaching the ground.Under wooden track andboulevard,the air temperature was reduced by 3～7℃,the road surface temperature by7℃,the building surface temperature by 4～10℃,and the duration of high temperature by3～8h in summer.The effect of the decrease in temperature was different with different af-forestation,structure of shade trees,and the kinds of trees.Based on the synthetic reactionof human body to climatic factors,the function equation of micro-climate of comfortabledegree of human body formed by urban forests in summer was established,which providedtheoretical basis for evaluating the benefits of urban forests.