信阳南湾库区水源涵养林的森林水文效应研究

Study on Hydrological Effect of Conservational Forests in Nanwan Reservoir Regions of Xinyang City

对信阳南湾库区主要森林土壤和枯落物层的水文效应进行了对比分析。结果表明，主要森林类型土壤的蓄水量约２８７ｔ·ｈｍ￣（－２）～３５０ｔ·ｈｍ￣（－２）（２８．７ｍｍ～３５ｍｍ）；枯枝落叶层的蓄水量为８．１ｔ·ｈｍ￣（－２）～４．５ｔ·ｈｍ￣（－２）（０．８ｍｍ～４．５ｍｍ），主要森林土壤的平均渗透速度是５．６ｍｍ·ｍｉｎ￣（－１）；全年降雨的６０％通过渗透变为地下迳流；杉木林和松栎混交林的森林水文效应最高。

The hydrological effects of major forests in Nanwan reservoir regions are studiedin this paper. The results are as follows :The soil of major forests can conserve water about287～350t· hm￣(-2) (28. 7mm～35mm),and the water absorption capacity of forest litter is128%～278%; The average speed of infiltration of major forests soil is 5. 6mm·min￣(-1),60% precipitation turns into groundwater runoff.The hydrological effects of Cunninghami-a lancedate(lamb)forest and mixed forest of pinusmassoniana with Quercus acutissima arethe best.Cunninghamia lancedate(lamb)forest and Pinusmassoniana forest are the major,forests of soil and waterconservation in Nanwan reservoir regions.