视屏显示终端对作业者健康影响的研究

EFFECTS OF VISUAL DISPLAY TERMINALS(VDT)ON OPERATOR'S HEALTH

本研究采用横断面流行病学调查方法对４５１名视屏显示终端（ＶＤＴ）作业者和４３２名普通读写对照的视觉，肌肉、骨骼、中枢神经及其它系统症状发生频度进行了调查，并对６５名ＶＤＴ作业者的作业前后的视力，调节近点、泪量、瞬目次数、角膜荧光素染色、临界闪烁融合频率和视度进行了现场测试。研究结果表明：ＶＤＴ作业对肌肉、骨骼系统影响的主要部位是下背、手腕、上臂、颈部和肩部。ＶＤＴ作业者视觉，肌肉、骨骼和中枢神经等系统症状现患率均显著高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），ＶＤＴ作业者工作１年后的视力＜５．Ｏ者显著多于就业前（Ｐ＜０．０１），作业后调节近点显著大于作业前（Ｐ＜０．０１），而泪量、临界闪烁融合频率和视度值作业后均显著低于作业前（Ｐ＜０．０１），作业者视疲劳增长量为１．４８，作业后角膜荧光素染色率显著高于作业前（Ｐ＜０．０１），且发现作业期间瞬目次数呈下降之趋势。

he prevalence rates of visual,musculoskeletal and central nervous symptomsof 451 VDT operators and 432 controls were investigated using cross sectional epidemiologi-cal study,65 VDT operator's eyes and visual fuction were detected.The results indicatedthat VDT operators have a remarkable higher prevalence rates of visaal,musculoskeletal andcentral nervous symptoms than those of controls. The main sites that VDT work affected arelower back, wrist,upper arms,neck and shoulder, The remarkable difference was noted in thenear point of accommodation,lacrimation,critical flicker fusion frequency(CFF),visibilityand the rate of fluorescein staining of cornea before and after operation and the decrease ofthe frequency of blink was found during operation. The results revealed that VDT do haveoccupational effect on operator's health.