碘缺乏病的危害及防治办法

The Effect of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and its Prevention and control

碘缺乏病是由于生活环境缺碘，即摄取碘缺乏，而引起的机体生长发育及代谢功能障碍的疾病，属流行病。在成人表现为甲状腺肿大；胚胎及新生儿期缺碘则造成不同程度的智力低下，聋、哑及生长发育落后。消除本病的有效办法是补充碘，目前最多采用的方法是鼓励人们食用碘盐及在重病区的育龄妇女肌注或口服碘油。

Iodine deficiency disorders(IDD) is a syndrome with varying retardations of growth, development and metabolic function caused by iodine deficiency in living environment, which is a sort of endemic disease widely prevalent in the world. THe manifestation of IDD in adult is mainly goitre, and fetal and neonatal is varying degree of mental defect, deaf- mutism and developmental retardation. Iodine supplementation is a most efficient method for IDD eradication. The iodised salt is recommended to use in people 's life, and in some severe endemic areats the iodised oil should be given to the child -bearing aged women orally or by injection.