基因型和环境对糯稻品质性状的影响

EFFECTS OF GENOTYPE AND ENVIRONMENT ON THE TESTED QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF GLUTINOUS RICE

对连续３年种植在湖南５个稻作区的品质水平不同的６个糯稻基因型进行了米质测定和统计分析，结果表明：（１）基因型（Ｇ）×年份（Ｙ）×地点（Ｌ）二级互作在分析的所有品质性状中极显著存在；Ｇ×Ｙ互作及Ｇ主效在大多数品质性状中极显著或显著存在，但Ｇ×Ｌ互作及Ｌ主效仅在少数性状中显著存在，（２）各性状的表型变异主要由基因型方差及互作方差组成，且性状间表现不尽一致．（３）广义遗传力及遗传变异以碱解值、精米长／宽比值和直链淀粉含量最大，胶稠度最小．认为对于糯稻品质性状的改良，除胶稠度外，对大多数性状的选择都有较好的效果，但应充分注意Ｇ×Ｅ互作的影响．

In this paper,the rice quality characteristics of 6 glutinous rice genotypes plant-ed at 5 rice growth regions of Hunan province in 1989,1990 and 1991 are tested and analysed with statistical genetic methods. The results obtained shows that :(1) genotype×year×loca-tion effects are found to significantly influence variation in all quality parameters,whereas genotype and genotype × year interaction effects in most tested quality characteristics;( 2)variances of the genotype and the genotype×environment interaction are the most important source of phenotypic variation for rice quality,although differences are found among the char-acteristics;(3)the broad heritability(h2)and the genetic coefficient of variation(GCV)of al-kali spreading value,longth/width,and amylose content of milled rice are the greatest,and of gel consistency the least. It is considered that the improvement of most quality characteristics of glutinous rice has better effects on selections, while G × E interaction influences on rice quality attributes should be noticed.