水稻控蘖增粒栽培高产与碳氮代谢及维管束的关系

Study on Relation Between High Yield and Carbon-Nitrogen Metabolism and Vascular Bundle of Rice with Tiller-controlling Culture

水稻控蘖增粒栽培法与常规栽培法相比，秧苗叶片及叶鞘中氮含量，叶片中叶绿素含量明显高．而碳含量、Ｃ／Ｎ明显低，表现出氮代谢优势；茎基部节间横截面维管束数量与总面积显著多或大，有利于培育健根多蘖壮秧和提高成穗率．移栽后，氮含量、叶绿素含量显著降低，而碳含量升高并维持较稳定的水平，Ｃ／Ｎ显著提高，表现出碳代谢优势；穗颈基部节间横截面维管束数量与总面积也多或大，从而可促进个体颖花发育，提高结实率与粒重，并有利于控制大田分蘖，改善个体与群体的关系，增产显著．

Compared with the rice conventional culture, the rice tiller-controlling culture shows different in carbon content, nitrogen content, chlorophyll content, and the number and area of vascular bundles of rice plant. At the seedling stage, the nitrogen contents in leaf and leaf sheath and chlorophyll content in leaf are relatively higher, but carbon content and C/N in them are much lower, so the nitrogen metaolism is superior. The number and total area of all vascular bundles of internode of stem base in horizontal crosssection are more or bigger. All those are favourable for raising vigorous seedlings which have vigorous and healthy roots and many tillers, and for improving panicle rate. After the seedlings are transplanted, nitrogen and chlorophyll contents become obviously lower,therefore, nitrogen metabolism is decreased, however, carbon content is increased and keep stable,C/N is higher, so the carbon metabolism is superior. The number and total area of all vascular bundles of internode of panicle neck base in horizontal cross-section are more or bigger. All these are advantageous for controlling tillers at tillering stage, bettering the structure of population, impelling spikelet development of individual plant, improving seed set rate and grain weight, coordinating the contraduction between the development of individual plant and that of population, and eventually increasing grain yield.