广东农作物青枯病菌的生化型

BIOTYPES OF Pseudomonas solanacearum(Smith)Smith FROM VARIOUS HOSTS IN GUANGONG PROVINCE

比较了１３种寄主植物１２９个青枯病菌株对３种双糖（乳糖、麦芽糖、纤维二糖）和３种己醇（甘露醇、山梨醇、甜醇）的利用情况，结果表明它们大部分（８７．５％）分属于Ｈａｙｗａｒｄ的４个生化型，以生化型Ⅲ为优势生化型（约６５％）。除Ｈａｙｗａｒｄ的４个生化型外，还存在４个其它的生化类型：（１）１个能利用３种双糖和甘露醇、山梨醇而不利用甜醇产酸的马铃薯菌株；（２）３个能利用３种双糖和山梨醇、甜醇而不利用甘露醇产酸的烟草菌株；（３）能利用３种己醇和麦芽糖而不能利用乳糖和纤维二糖产酸的花生、姜和甘薯菌株；（４）７个能利用３种双糖和甘露醇而不利用山梨醇、甜醇产酸的桑菌株。前二者暂定为生化型Ⅲ的２个亚型，分别为Ⅲ－２，Ⅲ－３，第３个暂定为生化型Ⅳ的亚型（Ⅳ－１），第４个（曾被Ｈｅｅｔａｌ．定为生化型Ⅴ）则暂定为生化型Ⅱ的亚型之一（Ⅱ－２）。

All the 129 isolates of Pseudomonas solanacearum from thirtheen hosts inGuandong province were studied and compared with their abilities to oxidize threekinds of disaccharides(lactose,maltose and eellobiose)and three kinds of hexosealcohols(mannitol,sorbitol and dulcitol).The results showed that there were fourbiotypes all same as those denominated by Hayward.The biotype Ⅲ is thepredominant one(84/129).In addition to the four biotypes,four biochemical pat-terns were found.(1)one isolate from potato could utilize three kinds ofdisaccharides,mannitol and sorbitol,but not dulcitol;(2)three isolates from tobaccocould oxidize three kinds of disaccharides,sorbitol and dulcitol,but not mannitol;(3)isolates from peanut,ginger and sweetpotato respectively,could produce acid fromthree kinds of hexose alcohols and maltose but not lactose and cellobiose,and(4)sev-en isolates from mulberrv could utilize three kinds of disaccharides and mannitol,but not sorbitol and dulcitol.The two formers were proposed to be two sub-typesof biotypeⅢ,designated asⅢ-2 andⅢ-3,the thirth to be a sub-type of biotypeⅣ,designated as Ⅳ-1 and the last which were denominated as biotype Ⅴ by He,L.Y.et al.seemed to be a sub-type of biotype Ⅱ、designated asⅡ-2.