在隔离区用药物诱导显性核不育小麦孤雌生殖的研究

A Study on Female Parthenogenesis of Dominant Genic Malesterile Wheat Induced with Chemical Agents in Isolation Conditions

在隔离区，以太谷核不育小麦和矮败小麦为供试亲本．用炔诺酮、甲地孕酮、乙烯雌酚、马来酰肼（ＭＨ）等化学药剂诱导不育株孤雌生殖。结果表明，太谷核不育小麦的诱导结实率高于矮败小麦。炔诺酮、甲地孕酮和乙烯雌酚的诱导结实率均超过马来酰肼。小穗剪颖后用药剂处理和药剂处理后穗子套袋均能提高诱导结实率。用药剂处理时间以晚上１９时后效果最佳。不同供试亲本对喷药次数的反应存在差异。

The female parthenogenesis on the male-sterile plants of Taigu genic male-sterile wheat and dwarf abortion wheat were induced by norethindrone, megestrolum, diethylstilbestrol,maleic hydrazide (MH) and so on in isolation conditions. The results indicated that induced seed setting rate of Taigu genic male-sterile wheat was higher than that of dwarf abortion wheat.Norethindrone, megestrolum and diethylstilbestrol yielded higher induced seed setting rate than maleic hydrazide. The chemical treatment after glume-cutting could help to raise the induced seed-setting rate, so did bagging after chemical treatment. The suitable time for chemical treatment was 19: 00 pm. The induction effects on different materials varied with changes of the number of chemical treatments.