潮土中小麦最佳施肥模型的建立与应用

Establishment and Application of Optimized Model of Fertilization on Chao Soil for High-yield Wheat

依据潮土中各种养分的供应特征和小麦需肥规律，选择了氮、磷、锰三种元素为试验因素，采用二次正交旋转组合设计试验方法，建立了潮土中小麦最佳施肥模型。结果表明，当氮肥（纯氮）用量为１２．８５～１６．３５ｋｇ／亩，磷肥（Ｐ２Ｏ５）用量为１１．３６～１４．００ｋｇ／亩，硫酸锰用量为１．１６～１．４９ｋｇ／亩时，小麦边际产量可达３７５ｋｇ／亩。其最佳施肥量与最经济施肥量十分接近，此时的投入与产出比为１∶５，对小麦产量影响程度的次序为锰肥＞氮肥＞磷肥。

Chao soil is one type of calcareous soils. Nitrogen, phosphorous and some micronutrients like manganese were usually deficient. For applying fertilizers efficiently, We selected N, P, and Mn as three experiment factors and adopted the secondary orthogonalrotational-combination design to establish an optimized model of fertilization. The quadratic equation is as follows:When N, P, and Mn fertilizers were applied to soil in 12. 85-16. 35, 11. 36- 14. 00, and 1. 16-1. 49 kg/ mu, respectively, the output of wheat could reach as high as more than 375 kg/mu, and the input-output ratio was about 1: 5.