基塘生态系统与土壤

DIKE- POND ECOSYSTEMS AND THEIR SOILS

研究了基塘生态系统的形成、结构特点、效益及土壤特征。结果表明：基塘生态系统是生态农业，其具有高生态、高环境及高经济效益；堆垫土是一种旱耕人为土，其快速堆垫及长期耕种利用，有机质累积增加，水分状况得到改善，形成良性物质循环；土壤生态系统是一种耗散结构，要求有物质和能量的不断补充，才能维持其稳定的结构状态，才能提高其生产力。根据基塘土壤生态系统的特点，认为系统的调控应重视戽塘泥上基、大力发展立体农业、强化系统的循环功能，这将有利于建立高效而稳定的土壤生态系统。

This paper deals with the formation,structural characteristics. benefits and soil characteristics of dike-pond ecosystems. The research results indicated:1.Thedike-pond ecosystems are eco-agriculture,having high ecological、environmentaland economic benefits.2.Cumulated soils are anthoterric anthrosols.their rapidcumulation and long term cultivation and utilization have resulted in increasedaccumulation of organic matter,improved moisture condition of soils and creating fa-vourable cycling of matter.3.Soil ecosystems are dissipative structures.They woulddisintegrate,and their productivity would drop without enough input of material andenergy into the systems. According to the characteristics of dike-pond soil ecosystems.it is believed that the regulation of these systems should pay attention to using mudfrom ponds as an important manure for dikes,developing eco-agriculture andstrengthening the cycling function of systems,and this will be beneficial toconstructing highly effective and stable soil ecosystems.