安培力补偿型扭称法测量万有引力常数

Tofsion Balance Compensated with Ampere Force for Measuring the Gravitational Constant

针对传统卡文迪许扭称方法中存在的缺点，提出了用于测量引力常数的新型补偿型扭称。其基本原理是利用电流环之间的安培力补偿扭称的检验质量与吸引质量之间的万有引力，从而使扭称保持平衡状态。通过测量电流环中的电流大小和相关参量，可确定引力常数Ｇ。该方法的优点在于可避免扭称偏转角度的绝对测量，能消除悬线的非线性影响，并且非常容易测量出检验质量和吸引质量的间距。

In view of the shortcoming of the traditional Cavendish torsion balance, a new kind of compensated torsion balance for measuring the gravitational constant is proposed based onthe principle that the gravitational force between the test mass of torsion balance and the at-tracting mass is to be compensated by the Ampere force between current rings so that thetorsion balance will be held in the equilibrium state, Then the gravitational constant G canbe determined by measuring the currents in the rings and other related parameters. The ad-vantage of this method lies in that the absolute measurement of the deflection angle of thetorsion balance is avoided and the nonlinear effect of the suspension wire is eliminated whilethe distance between the test mass and attracting mass can be easily measured.