中国香菇栽培菌株不亲和性因子的分析

ANALYSIS OF INCOMPATIBILITY FACTORS IN CULTIVATED STRAINS OF LENTINUS EDODES IN CHINA

以24个香菇菌株为材料，对其菌丝原生质体单核体及孢子单核体的交配型进行了分析。在菌丝原生质体单核体中，未获得原双核体预期应有的1：1的核型比例。在担孢子中，4种类型的单核体亦不呈预期的1：1：1：1之比。为确定在中国广泛栽培的香菇菌株中所存在的A、B因子的数目，进行了24个菌株单核分离物间的交配试验。鉴定表明，4个野生菌株有7个不同的A因子和8个不同的B因子，而20个栽培菌株仅有13个不同的A因子和14个不同的B因子。

Analyses of mating types between protoplasted monokaryons obtained from mycelia and among spore monokaryons of 24 strains of Lentinus edodes were made' The expected 1: 1 ratio of nuclear types of the dikaryons was not obtained for protoplasted monokaryons, neither was obtained the expected 1: 1: 1: 1 radio of four types spore monokaryons. In addition, matings between monokaryotic isolates obtained from the 24 strains were carried out to investigate the number of A and B factors present in a range of commercially culitivated strains colleeted from China. Four wild isolates were characterized and found to have 7 different A and 8 B factors, while twenty cultivated stocks were found to have only 13 different A and 14 B factors. This may mean that wild populations must serve as the primary source of new genetic variablity for improvement of the cultivated strains of Lentinus edodes.