多极性基有机添加物对非离子表面活性剂溶液雾点的影响

The Effect of Organic Additives with Multi-polar Group on the Cloud Point of Nonionic Surfactants

测定了甲酸、乙酸、草酸、甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、乙二醇、丙三醇和葡萄糖对非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100和Triton X-114水溶液雾点的影响.低级脂肪酸和醇能使雾点升高,升高的程度随酸或醇的碳氢链的增长而增加.但若在增加分子碳氢链长或碳氢部分的同时引入更多的羧基或羟基,则雾点升高的效应将受到抑制.当极性基数目较多时,可导致雾点显著下降.

The effect of formic acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, methanol, ethanol, propanol, glycol, glycerol and glucose on the cloud point of nonionic surfactants Triton X-100 and Triton X-l 14 has been measured. The addition of lower aliphatic acids and alcohols increases the cloud point. The longer the carbon chain length, the stronger the effect. The addition of glycol increases the cloud point slightly, while the added oxaylic acid shows no significant effect. However, the addition of glycerol and particularly, glucose, decreases the cloud point drastically. These effect are explained in terms of surfactant solubility.