摘要
ⅠA碱金属和ⅡA 碱土金属元素是有灰型消烟助燃剂的功能元素.就各族内而言,这些s区金属元素的消烟助燃效应与它们的热电离电离势成反比,此特征与烃火焰条件下碳烟生成的烃正离子机制有关.就两族间而言,ⅡA族金属的消烟助燃效应通常大于ⅠA族金属,该特征与s区金属元素的火焰电离特性有关.在实质上,s区金属元素的消烟助燃效应与它们在火焰条件下发生电离的活化能有关.基于碳烟生成的双途径模型,含ⅠA,ⅡA族金属消烟助燃剂以三级作用方式起消烟助燃功效.
IA (alkali) and ⅡA (alkaline-earth) metals are the functional elements of soot suppressants and combustion aids (SSCA) containing IA and ⅡA metals. Within each group metals, the soot suppressions and combustion improvements are inversely proportional to their respective ionization potentials owing to the positive hydrocarbon ion mechanism of soot formation in the hydrocarbon flames. Among the two group metals, the capabilities of the ⅡA metals of suppressing soot and improving combustion are to some extent stronger than those of their IA counterparts, which is attributed to the distinct ionization characteristics of the two group metals in flames. In essence, the action magnitude of the IA and ⅡA metals is a direct function of their ionization activation energy. In view of the dual-route model of soot formation in the hydrocarbon flames, a three-step action mechanism is elaborated as an attempt to gain a further insight into the effects of SSCA containing IA and ⅡA metals on the sooting hydrocarbon flames.
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1995年第1期70-74,共5页
Environmental Chemistry
关键词
消烟剂
助燃剂
碳烟
生成
抑制
功能元素
soot suppressant, combustion aid, soot formation and suppression, hydrocarbon flame, functional element, additive chemistry.
