利用钢丝－电容测微仪法测量机床竖直运动直线度和滚动误差

A Method for Measuring Vertical Motion Straightness and Rolling Error of Machine Tools by Using the Taut Wire and Capacitive Micrometer

介绍了一种测量机床竖直运动直线度和滚动误差的新方法。以悬挂在被测机床刀架附近的竖直钢丝作为测量基准，用固定在刀架位置的电容测头瞄准钢丝，当机床主轴竖直运动时，机床主轴上的刀架系统相对于竖直方向的运动直线误差可由电容测微仪测得，钢丝本身的直线度可用转位法消除。再增加一个测微仪，还可测出导轨本身的直线度误差。将刀架沿水平方向运动到两个不同位置，分别测出两位置处的竖直运动直线度误差，由这两组数据可以计算出机床竖直运动时的滚动误差。

In this paper, a new method for measuring the vertical motion straightness and rolling error of machine tools is presented. A taut wire hung near the tool carrier is used as the datum line. The capacitive micrometer fixed on the tool carrier is used to take aim at the taut wire. When the tool carrier moves together with the spindle box along vertical direction, the vertical motion straightness of machine tools can be measured by capacitive micrometer. The straightness of the taut wire can be eliminated by using reversal method. The straightness of the guideways can also be obtained by using an additional micrometer. Moving the tool carrier to two positions along horizontal direction and measuring the vertical motion straightness in two positions,the rolling error of machine tools can be calculated from two groups of straightness data.