无土栽培番茄和黄瓜的培养基选择

Selection of Culture Medium fo rthe Soil-less Cultivation of Tomato and Cucumber.

试验表明,不同培养基对两种作物生长和产量的影响很大,其中培养基的氮源对番茄和黄瓜的效应也有差异,硝态氮源对黄瓜的营养生长、生殖生长直至最后的产量和品质都要比硝、铵混合氮源优越,而番茄的营养生长则喜好硝、铵混合氮源,但硝态氮源更有利于番茄的生殖生长和产量的提高,培养基中不同支撑物对番茄的产量和品质也有重要影响。

Greenhouse experiment was conducted to select better culture mediums for the soil-less cultivation of tomato and cucumber. The results showed that the highest yield was obtained for both tomato and cucumber with treatment I. Nitrate nitrogen was found to be a better N source for cucumber than nitrate + ammonium nitrogen, for the benificial effects of the former on the vegetative and reproductive growth, fruit yield and quality of the cucumber was significantly greater than that cf the latter.However, tomato was observed to prefer nitrate + ammonium nitrogen at vegetative growth stage, and nitrate nitrogen at reproductive growth stage. The results also showed that the supporting substance in the culture medium influenced considerably the yield and quality of tomato. The supports of both 1/2 wood powder + 1/2 sand and 2/3 wood powder + 1/3 sand were found to be most suitable to the growth and fruiting of tomato. However, for keeping proper moisture and water penetration in the culture medium as well as the convenience in management the support of 2/3 weed powder + 1/3 sand is better.