奶牛乳头消毒剂碘消灵的研究

Studies on the Preparation and Disinfection Efficacy of Dianxiaoling as a Teat Dip.

奶牛乳头消毒剂碘消灵是一种碘附(Iodophor),成品含有效碘1.5～2.0％,经室温及保温(37℃及50℃)贮存试验,其性能稳定,试管内杀菌试验表明,对白色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus albus)、绿脓杆菌(Pseudomonas aeruginosa)、腊样芽孢杆菌(Baccillus cereus)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)及无乳链球菌(Streptococcus agalactiae)均有较强杀灭作用.经离体乳头及奶牛乳头染菌消毒试验,效果良好.在奶牛场试用于挤奶后消毒,6个月以来,对乳头皮肤无刺激性,无不良反应,经冬季应用,也来发现皮肤有任何异常变化,每月用杭州奶牛乳房炎诊断试剂(HMT,Hangzhou Mastitis Test)检测牛奶,试验组阳性检出率较对照组平均(加权)低48.8％(25.3～69.9％),卡方检验,P<0.01,可间接说明碘消灵乳头消毒降低感染的效果明显,消毒时的有机物污染,对碘消灵的浓度影响不大,因而可连续使用.

Dianxiaoling, a kind of iodophors, is intended for use as a teat dip to prevent bovine mastitis. It was prepared through the reaction of iodine with a nonionic surfactant and some otherlingre-dients at 25℃-27℃. The recovery rate of iodine in the product was 83% and the preparation with 1.5-2.0% available iodine was relatively stable when stored at room temperature, 37℃, and 50℃. For field uses it was to be diluted with water to the concentration of 0.5% available iodine. In vitro tests, disinfections of excised teats and in vivo teats with the dilute Dianxiaoling showed that the disinfectant had a strong bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Escherichia colt, Bacillus cercus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. A field trial indicated that it caused no irritation or other side tffects on the teat skin. There were also no abnormalities on the skin after its use during winter time. After a six-month's field experiment with Dianxiaoling, the incidence of subclinical mastitis as determined with Hangzhou Mastitis Test in the dipped group was reduced to 48.8 % ( 25.3-69.9 % ) in comparison with the control group (P<0.01 ) . It was also found that the disinfectant could be used continuously as it was seldomly influenced by organic materials existing in the solution. Dianxiaoling is, therefore, considered to be a new type of postmilking teat dtp with strongb actericidal effect and suitable for practical application with safety.