福建泉州湾贝类养殖容量评估

EVALUATION ON CULTURE CAPACITY OF SHELLFISH IN QUANZHOU BAY

通过对泉州湾叶绿素a、初级生产力、生态效率、浮游植物有机碳含量、养殖贝类有机碳含量及其含壳重与鲜组织重比值、潮间带和潮下带及吊养区附着滤食性动物现存量等的调查和检测,应用营养动态模型、沿岸能流模型估算贝类生态容量及扣除野生滤食性动物现存量来估算贝类养殖容量。还采用方建光模型估算贝类养殖容量,并采用统计分析法估算贝类及其各品种的适养面积。3种模型估算的贝类养殖容量分别为43 171t、220 991×104个,46 388 t、237 464×104个,44 049t、225 490×104个。贝类适养总面积为2 878hm2,其中牡蛎Ostrea1 349hm2,缢蛏Sinoncvacula con-stricta1 268 hm2,菲律宾蛤仔Ruditapes philippinarum117hm2,翡翠贻贝Perna viridis144hm2。1999年实际养殖面积2 615 hm2,尚有263 hm2可扩大养殖面积。还讨论了模型的实用性等问题。

Investigation and determination were carried out on chlorophyll a content, primary production, ecological efficiengcy, organic carbon contents in plankton and cultured shellfish, weight ratio of whole shellfish to fresh tissues, filtering ratio of cultured shellfish to wild filtering animals, and filtering animals in intertidal zone, subtidal zone and hanging culture area. A dynamic nutrition model and a coastal energy flowing model were used to estimate shellfish ecological capacity. Shellfish culture capacity was estimated by deducting the standing crop of wild filtering animals. Fang Jian-guang＇s model was also used to estimate shellfish culture capacity, and a statistic analysis was made to estimate proper culture area for each shellfish species. The shellfish culture capacities of Quanzhou Bay estimated by the three models were43171t, 220991X104ind, 46388t, 237 464 X104 ind, and44049t, 22549×10^4 ind respectively. The total area suitable for shellfish culture was 2 878hm^2, of which 1 349hm^2 was for Ostrea, 1 268hmz for Sinoncvacula constricta , 117hm2 for Ruditapes philippinarum, and 144hmZfor Pernaviridis. The total culture area for shellfish was 2615 hm^2 in 1999. There was still 263hm^2 to be exploited. The practical application of the model was discussed in this paper.