山区旅游保护性开发区划的理论思考与实证——以广东龙门县为例

The tourism protective regionalization in mountainous area: a case study of Longmen County

对山区进行旅游保护性区划,是旅游可持续发展战略在时空推进上的具体落实。遵循山区生态系统客观存在的地域分异规律,采用自上而下的自然环境要素宏观分析与自下而上的生态、经济旅游等要素微观分析相结合的方法,既避免了仅仅对指标数据的简单聚类,又克服了传统区划中缺乏对人类经济活动影响分析,以及行政区域不完整、可操作性差等问题,使区划的结果综合程度更高,对山区旅游可持续发展更具有指导性。以典型山地县龙门为例,进行旅游保护性区划,确定旅游的重点开发区,并提出相应的政策建议。

In the mountainous areas, the eco-environment is fragile and the socio-economy is backward, but the tourism resources are abundant. The best way to realize richness in mountainous areas rests on the exploitation of tourism and the development of tourism industry suiting to the actual conditions and demand of the development of mountainous economy. Since we lack knowledge of the features of mountainous tourism resources, characteristics of eco-environment and process, blind exploitation of the tourism resources and construction of the tourism environment still exist in the mountainous areas. This condition causes great damage to the tourism resources and eco-environment, and threatens the sustainable development of the tourism industry. The tourist activities will be one of the latent factors destroying the eco-environment of these areas. So more and more people are concerned about how to protect the mountainous eco-environment and realize the tourism sustainable development effectively. It is of great theoretical significance and practical value to follow the objective law of regional differentiation of the ecological system of these areas and to be engaged in the research on protective regionalization of tourism according to different yardsticks. The concrete procedure is the implementation of the regional sustainable development strategy. This thesis integrates and utilizes both up-to-down macroanalysis deduction and the down-to-up micro-analysis induction methods to analyze the complicated natural environmental factors and the spatial-temporal diversification between complex ecological factors and economic activities of the human being and their interactions. It not only avoids simple cluster of index data but also eliminates the deficiencies in traditional regionalization, which include insufficient concrete analysis of economic activities of the human being, imperfect administration district division and poor maneuverability, etc. Thus, the results of regionalization are more comprehensive and have great directive functions for tourism sustainable development in mountainous areas. We took Longmen County in Guangdong province as a representative case for the discussion of tourism protective regionalization. On the basis of analysis of regionalization results, we identified the key tourism exploited area and eco-environment area that should be brought under control, as well as put forward some strategic suggestions.