糖尿病患者足病预防护理知识与行为状况的调查研究

Study on foot care knowledge and behaviors of the patients with diabetes in preventing diabetic foot

目的通过对糖尿病(DM)患者足病预防护理知识与行为状况的调查,寻找患者预防护理知识的薄弱环节。方法采用自行设计的调查评价表对352例DM患者对DM足的预防护理知识与行为进行调查、测试与评价。结果近半数患者对DM足的认识不足;半数以上患者对预防DM足的日常足部护理知识缺乏、足部护理行为不良;半数患者对选择合适鞋袜的知识了解不足;2/3的DM患者未掌握正确修剪趾甲的方法;高危足患者预防DM足的护理知识明显缺乏。结论在DM教育中要特别重视DM足的预防护理教育,增强患者对DM足的认识和足部保护意识,加大对DM患者日常足部护理知识的教育力度,以使其建立健康的足部护理行为,减少DM足的发生。

Objective This study aimed to investigate the foot care knowledge and behaviors of the patients with diabetes in preventing diabetic foot,and searched for the weakness of knowledge and behaviors in preventing diabetic foot. Methods A selfmade questionnaire was used to survey 352 patients with diabetes mellitus. Investigation study was carried out to explore the general clinical data, examination of foot conditions and foot care knowledge and behavior assessment scores. Related factors for diabetic foot were evaluated in patients with diabetes. Results Half of the diabetic patients were deficiency of reorganization and screening knowledge of diabetic foot. Half of the diabetic patients were deficiency of daily foot care knowledge and behavior. Half of the diabetic patients were lack of the knowledge of choosing proper shoes and sock wears. Two thirds of diabetic patients were lack of the knowledge of cutting nails. Apparent deficiency of foot care knowledge in diabetic patients with high risk foot ulceration. Conclusions Medical staff should pay more attention to the education to prevent diabetic foot and improve the ability and skills of self-foot care, add the foot care knowledge,develop the healthy of foot care behaviors to prevent the diabetic foot.