白细胞介素18对豚鼠哮喘模型气道炎症作用的实验观察

Effects of interleukin-18 on asthmatic airway inflammation: experimental study of guinea pig asthmatic model

目的观察白细胞介素18(IL-18)对豚鼠哮喘模型气道炎症的作用。方法采用卵蛋白(OVA)腹腔注射致敏加雾化吸入激发的方法复制豚鼠哮喘模型。30只豚鼠按随机数字法分成3组(每组10只)进行处理,分别为哮喘模型组(A组)、模型对照组(B组)和IL-18干预组(C组)。光镜下检测各组豚鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)中炎症细胞计数及分类,用酶联免疫吸附法测定BALF中Th1细胞因子IFN-γ、IL-2和Th2细胞因子IL-4、IL-5浓度,并进行3组之间的比较。结果豚鼠BALF中嗜酸粒细胞(EOS)个数A组、B组、C组分别为(98±58)×106/L、(12±10)×106/L、(29±10)×106/L,A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);中性粒细胞个数A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。IFN-γ和IL-2浓度A组与B组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),与C组比较差异亦有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。IL-4浓度A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);IL-5浓度A组与B组、C组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论IL-18可通过调节Th1/Th2细胞因子的平衡而达到控制哮喘气道炎症的作用。

Objective To investigate the effects of Interleukin-18 （IL-18） on asthmatic airway inflammation. Methods Thirty healthy adult male guinea pigs were randomly divided into 3 equal groups： asthmatic model group （ Group A, undergoing intraperitoneally injection of ovalbumin （ OVA ） once and spraying of OVA aerosol once a day for 5 days; control group （Group B ）, undergoing intraperitoneally injection of OVA once and spraying of normal saline aerosol once a day for 5 days; and interleukin （IL）-18 intervention group （Group C, undergoing intraperitoneally injection of OVA once and intraperitoneal injection of IL-18 on the days 1,3, 8. 10. 15, 17, and 19. Twenty-four hours after the final spraying or IL-l8 injection the bronchalveolar lavage fluid （BALF） of the left lungs were obtained. HE staining was conducted to the sediment to examine the numbers of eosinophils, neutrophils, and monocytes. ELISA was used to detect the Thl/Th2 cytokines in the BALF. The left lungs underwent pathological examination. Results The number of EOS in BALF of Groups A was （98 ± 58 ） × 10^6/L, significantly higher than those of Group B, （12 ± 10） × 10^6/ L, and Group C, （29 ± 10） 10^6/ L （P〈0.01 and P 〈0.05） . The numbers of neutrophils in the BALF of Group A was （24 ± 16） × 10^6/ L, significantly higher than those of Group B and C [ （9 ± 7） × 10^6/L and （ 10 ± 5） × 10^6/L respectively, both P 〈0.05]. The concentration of IFN-у and IL-2 in group A were both significantly lower than those of Group B and Group C （ P 〈 0.05 and P 〈0.01 ） . The concentration of IL-4 in Group A was significantly higher than those of Groups B and C （ both P 〈 0.05 ）. The concentration of IL-5 of Group A was significantly higher than those of Group Bs and C （ both P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion IL-18 effectively inhibits asthmatic airway inflammation by regulating the Thl/Th2 balance.